Core goals: CIA triad
Confidentiality keeps data private. Integrity ensures data is not tampered with. Availability keeps systems online and usable. Every security control maps to one or more of these principles.
Offensive vs defensive security
Blue team defends — SOC analysts, incident responders, security engineers. Red team attacks with permission — pentesters, bug bounty hunters. Both need to understand vulnerabilities; Cyfotok trains the offensive mindset safely.
Common threats
Phishing, ransomware, SQL injection, XSS, credential stuffing, insider threats, misconfigured cloud storage. OWASP Top 10 covers the most critical web application risks.
How to learn cybersecurity
Start with web basics (HTTP, HTML), then practice one vulnerability type per week on labs. Read OWASP docs, exploit in Cyfotok sandbox, write a summary. Repeat for 6 months — you will outperform most theory-only graduates.